Gas Laws & Physical Chemistry

Half-Life Calculator

Calculate radioactive decay or zero-, first-, and second-order reaction half-life values.

1

Enter values

Examples
2

Results

Ready to calculate

Your result, units, method, and version information will appear here.

How to use this calculator

  1. Select a radioactive or chemical kinetic model.
  2. Select the unknown value.
  3. Enter the known values with one consistent time unit.
  4. Calculate and review the equation used for the selected model.

Formula and variables

zero: t1/2=[A]0/(2k); first: t1/2=ln2/k; second: t1/2=1/(k[A]0)

SymbolMeaningUnit
t1/2half-lifetime
krate constantorder-specific
[A]0initial concentrationconcentration

Worked example

A first-order rate constant of 0.1 per second gives half-life ln(2)/0.1 = 6.931 seconds.

Interpretation

Each kinetic order has a distinct equation and rate-constant dimension; radioactive decay uses the first-order exponential model explicitly.

Common mistakes

  • Do not apply the radioactive/first-order equation to zero- or second-order reactions.
  • Keep the rate-constant unit consistent with the chosen kinetic order.

Frequently asked questions

Can the calculator find the remaining radioactive amount?

Yes. Enter the initial amount, elapsed time, and half-life.

Can the calculator find elapsed decay time?

Yes. Enter the initial amount, remaining amount, and half-life.

Do all reaction orders use the same half-life formula?

No. Zero-, first-, and second-order reactions use different equations and rate-constant units.

Can I use scientific notation?

Yes. Enter values such as 6.022e23 or 1.0e-6 in a numeric field.

How should I round the result?

Keep extra digits during the calculation. Round the final result to the precision required by your data.

Sources